Computer Science Workbench is a monograph series which will provide you with an in depth working knowledge of current developments in computer technology. Every volume in this series will deal with a topic of importance in computer science and elaborate on how you yourself can build systems related to the main theme. You will be able to develop a variety of systems, including computer software tools, computer graphics, computer animation, database management systems, and computer-aided design and manufacturing systems. Computer Science Workbench represents an important new contribution in the field of practical computer technology. Tosiyasu L. Kunii Preface The goal of this book is to give concrete answers to questions such as what object oriented databases are, why they are needed, how they are implemented, and how they are applied, by describing a research prototype object-oriented database system called Jasmine. That is, this book is aimed at creating a consistent view to object-oriented databases. The contents of this book are directly based on the results of the Jasmine project conducted at Fujitsu Laboratories, Ltd. The book is a polished version of my doctoral dissertation, which includes research papers which I have authored and published.
Object-oriented database systems have been approached with mainly two major intentions in mind, namely to better support new application areas including CAD/CAM, office automation, knowledge engineering, and to overcome the `impendance mismatch' between data models and programming languages. This volume gives a comprehensive overwiew of developments in this flourishing area of current database research. Data model and language aspects, interface and database design issues, architectural and implementation questions are covered. Although based on a series of workshops, the contents of this book has been carefully edited to reflect the current state of international research in object oriented database design and implementation.
Object-oriented database management systems (OODBMSs) have generated significant excitement in the database community in the last decade. This interest stems from a real need for data management support for what are called "advanced application areas" that are not well-served by relational technology. The case for object-oriented technology has been made on three fronts. First is the data modeling requirements of the new applications. Some of the more important shortcomings of the relational systems in meeting the requirements of these applications include: 1. Relational systems deal with a single object type: a relation. A relation is used to model different real-world objects, but the semantics of this association is not part of the database. Furthermore, the attributes of a relation may come only from simple and fixed data type domains (numeric, character, and, sometimes, date types). Advanced applications require explicit storage and manipulation of more abstract types (e.g., images, design documents) and the ability for the users to define their own application-specific types. Therefore, a rich type system supporting user defined abstract types is required. 2. The relational model structures data in a relatively simple and flat manner. Non traditional applications require more complex object structures with nested objects (e.g., a vehicle object containing an engine object).
I must confess that I stumbled upon the object-oriented (00) world view during my explorations into the world of artificial intelligence (AI) in search of a new solution to the problem of building computer-integrated manufacturing systems (CIM). In 00 computing, I found the constructs to model the manufacturing enterprise in terms of information, a resource that is common to all activities in an organization. It offered a level of modularity, and the coupling/binding neces sary for fostering integration without placing undue restrictions on what the individual applications can do. The implications of 00 computing are more extensive than just being a vehicle for manufacturing applications. Leaders in the field such as Brad Cox see it introducing a paradigm shift that will change our world gradually, but as radically as the Industrial Revolution changed manufacturing. However, it must be borne in mind that simply using an object-oriented language or environment does not, in itself, ensure success in one's applications. It requires a different way of thinking, design discipline, techniques, and tools to exploit what the technology has to offer. In other words, it calls for a paradigm shift (as defined by Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolution, a classic text in the history of science).
This volume collects papers presented at the 2nd International Workshop on Object-Oriented Database Systems (ooDBS-II) held at the Ebernburg near Bad Münster am Stein, FRG, in September 1988. It thus gives a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in this flourishing area of current database research. Object-oriented database systems have been approached with mainly two major intentions in mind, namely to better support new application areas like CAD/CAM, office automation, knowledge engineering, and to overcome the 'impedance mismatch' between data models and programming languages. The notion of object-orientation in database systems is thus a broader one than e.g. in the area of programming languages. Structural object-orientation provides for data model mechanisms that allow the direct representation and manipulation of highly-structured entities; behavioral object-orientation cares for facilities to associate arbitrary user-defined type-specific operations with data entities; finally, full object-orientation tries to combine the advantages of both categories. Though data model concepts are the decisive feature of object-oriented database systems, numerous other system aspects have to be reconsidered or allow better solutions, respectively, in this light. They include e.g. transactions, implementation techniques, optimization, formalization, the inclusion of rules, and the integration with other systems. A number of research prototypes and even some commercial systems are meanwhile available. Both, approaches to extend databases with object-oriented capabilities and approaches to extend object-oriented programming languages with database features have been and are being investigated.
This volume contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications (DASFAA '97). DASFAA '97 focused on advanced database technologies and their applications. The 55 papers in this volume cover a wide range of areas in the field of database systems and applications ? including the rapidly emerging areas of the Internet, multimedia, and document database systems ? and should be of great interest to all database system researchers and developers, and practitioners.
Focuses on the use of Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) techniques to modularise otherwise broadly scoped features in database systems like the transaction or the versioning model to improve their customisability, extensibility, and maintainability.
This book provides an authoritative overview of the global development of surgical paediatrics. Biographical accounts of key people who developed this relatively new specialty, many of whom are now household names, are presented. The compendium also acknowledges the enormous contribution of imaging (ultrasound/MRI and PET scans), minimal invasive surgery, and fetal surgery, as well as the role of related journals and associations, in the progress of surgical paediatrics.Many of the contributors have been instrumental to the development of surgical paediatrics in their respective countries, and have considerable worldwide influence on the management of children requiring surgical care. Through their valuable insight and first-hand experience, this book not only shines a light on the past achievements of previous generations of paediatric surgeons, but also serves as a model to encourage future generations to do likewise.
Introduction to Database Systems deals with implementation, design and application of DBMS and complicated topics such as relational algebra and calculus, and normalization in a simplified way.
